the psychological study of programming

b.a. sheil

https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/356835.356840

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in general, it just talks about how the empirical methodology is quite bad to figure out real results.

schneideman shows that it is hard

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from Xerox PARC

the point is to focus on “performance” -> utility/functionality

As practiced by computer science, the study of programming is an unholy mixture of mathematics, literary criticism and folklore.

Shneiderman’s book: Software Psychology

research on programming is on:

• notation (PL, control structures) -> the most relevant
• practices (tools, comments, flowcharts) -> less relevant
• tasks (learning, coding, debugging)
  • Mayer, 1979 looked at learning programming, and students seem to learn semantics based on models that are mechanical
• management (the human/company part)

it has a ref on how GOTO has been measured to be harmful -> https://bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1977.tb00363.x?casa_token=uGyYhgbhc6cAAAAA:h0Lrb_ES-vWSkeJ3pEljgyITd7OuGpdOqL6pNOhIp-rOZRM-SXENjVpOjterrXxHu-yhR4jONtqwFQ

there is also a large practice effect that is observed (the more you do, the better you become)

The syntactic constructs [of a PL] are appropriate to that approach, but they are not themselves that approach. Therefore there is no reason to believe that their presence or absence will, by itself, have any significant impact. Either the programmer understands the structured approach to programming, in which case her code will reflect it {whether or not structured control constructs are available), or the programmer does not, in which case the presence of syntactic constructs is irrelevant.

1. it’s hard to find correlation between constructs and languages
2. the errors go away with practice
3. pogrammers have organized knowledge bases

https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/359763.359800 -> statically typed languages are marginally less error-prone (makes sense)